A federal jury in Marshall, Texas has ordered Samsung Electronics to pay nearly $445.5 million in damages to patent owner Collision Communications, after finding the South Korean tech giant liable for infringing four patents related to 4G, 5G, and Wi-Fi communication standards.

The jury concluded on Friday that Samsung’s laptops, Galaxy smartphones, and other wireless-enabled devices infringed on patents owned by the New Hampshire-based company.

Collision Communications filed the lawsuit in 2023, accusing Samsung of infringing patents derived from research conducted by BAE Systems, a defense contractor not involved in the case. The patents cover technology aimed at improving wireless network efficiency.

Samsung denied the allegations and argued that the patents were invalid. However, the Marshall jury’s verdict marks another major legal setback for the company, which has faced multiple nine-figure patent infringement rulings in the same Texas court in recent years.

Spokespeople and attorneys for both companies did not immediately respond to requests for comment.